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Evidence on Synthetic Phonics

Systematic synthetic phonics is already endorsed by every major English-speaking government. If you’d like to explore the research behind the approach, here are some of the key papers, books and websites we recommend.

Research Papers

Reading by Six: How the Best Schools Do It →
Ofsted (UK) report finding that success is based on a determination that every child will learn to read, together with a rigorous and sequential approach to teaching reading, writing and spelling through systematic phonics.
West Dunbartonshire, Scotland →
How an entire region made zero reading failure a reality for all children. Theory turned into action — a very inspiring read.
The Clackmannanshire Study →
Landmark Scottish study that found children taught using synthetic phonics were still ahead of their peers in reading and spelling seven years later.

Recommended Books

For a deeper dive into the science of reading and synthetic phonics.

Reading Reflex
Carmen McGuinness & Geoffrey McGuinness (1998), Simon & Schuster
Why Our Children Can’t Read
Diane McGuinness (1997), Simon & Schuster
Beginning to Read: Thinking and Learning about Print
Marilyn Jager Adams (1990)
Teaching Systematic Synthetic Phonics in Primary Schools
David Waugh, Wendy Jolliffe & Angela Carss (2012)
Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain
Maryanne Wolf (2008)

Useful Websites

Children of the Code →
Excellent resource with interviews from leading reading experts.
Learning2Read →
Keeps Australian parents and teachers informed on the best ways to teach early reading and spelling.
Reading Reform Foundation →
From the team who lobbied the UK government to make synthetic phonics mandatory.